quote:
Originally posted by Marty:
And it was President Nixon who pushed and signed the first Affirmative Action legislation.
You know, Marty,
I really wish you would try harder.
And get your facts straight before you post anything.
During the Nixon administration, Affirmative Action was adopted as a Federal Mandate for companies with Federal Contracts, but Nixon was not the President who
"pushed and signed the first Affirmative Action legislation".
That distinction belongs to LBJ, who in 1964 signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964. He reinforced the legislation by issuing U.S Executive order 11246, later amended by Executive order 11375. The order, as amended, aims "to correct the effects of past and present discrimination". It prohibits Federal Contractors and Subcontractors from discriminating against any employee or applicant for employment because of race, skin color, religion, gender, or national origin.
The Order requires that contractors take Affirmative Action to ensure that "protected class, underutilized applicants" are employed when available, and that employees are treated without negative discriminatory regard to their protected-class status.
In 1967, LBJ first tried to stimulate minority hiring by coming-up with the so called "Philadelphia Plan" to integrate the white-controlled construction industry. However, in November 1968, U.S. Comptroller General Elmer B. Staatshe ruled the Philadelphia Plan was a violation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Johnson, nearing the end of his term, dropped the plan.
Early in the Nixon Administration the Labor Department tried again to knock down barriers to Blacks seeking jobs in the construction industry by promoting voluntary minority-hiring agreements between unions and contractors. There were some impressive results but progress was slow.
To accelerate the process the Labor Department resurrected the "Philadelphia Plan." Based on the plan devised during the Johnson Administration but never implemented, the Philadelphia Plan set a range of percentages of minority hiring with which Federal Contractors would be required to make a "good faith" effort to comply.
When ordered into effect in September 1969 by the Nixon Administration in its namesake city, the Philadelphia Plan aroused controversy and heated opposition. George Meany, president of the AFL-CIO and a former plumbing union official in New York City, vehemently opposed the plan and sponsored Congressional and legal challenges to it. Congress considered legislation to ban the Philadelphia Plan but rejected it after the Nixon Administration applied extreme pressure and threatened to hold Congress in session through the Christmas Adjournment of 1969.
In February 1970 the Labor Department announced the plan would be extended to other cities unless they devised their own procedures for ending job discrimination in the construction industry. These extensions of the Philadelphia Plan were largely successful.
Nixon himself seems to have run hot and cold on AA, but there is no doubt that his administration vigorously pursued the goals of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and AA.
However, he was blessed (or perhaps, we were blessed) by men in the Labor Department who were passionate about implementing the articles of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
This is especially true of Arthur A. Fletcher, Assistant Labor Secretary for Wages and Standards and one of the highest ranking Blacks in the Nixon Administration. Arthur Fletcher is often called "The Father of Affirmative Action".
So, credit belongs to Richard Nixon for successfully defeating a congressional "ban" on the Philadelphia Plan and for implementing and enforcing the provisions of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. But he did not "push and sign the first AA legislation" as you claim.
Again, please do a "fact check" before posting something on this board. As Nmaginate has implied, someone is always going to check what you have posted and be all over your ass if you try to BS.
Source:
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2082/is_n3_v60/ai_20649393 Source:
http://www.nixonera.com/library/domestic.aspSource:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirmative_action#Basis_in_lawSource:
http://www.dol.gov/asp/programs/history/dolchp07.htm.
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